000			03735cam a2200373 i 4500
001			22676308
005			20240319104056.0
008			220701s2020 nyu b 001 0 eng d
010			_a 2022276076
020			_a9780008334840
035			_a(OCoLC)on1154312948
040			_aFMG _beng _cFMG _erda _dOCLCO _dYU6 _dOJ4 _dOCLCF _dNZAUC _dYDX _dYDXIT _dIK2 _dTCH _dCUV _dOCLCQ _dOCLCO _dDLC
042			_alccopycat
050	0	0	_aHC79.T4 _bR53 2020
082	0	4	_a303.48/3 _223
100	1		_aRidley, Matt, _eauthor.
245	1	0	_aHow innovation works _b: and why it flourishes in freedom _c/ Matt Ridley.
250			_aFirst U.S. edition.
264		1	_aLondon: _bFourth Estate _c2021
300			_a406 pages ; _c24 cm
500			_aIncludes bibliographical references (pages 375-388) and index.
505	0		_aIntroduction: The Infinite Improbability Drive — Energy — Public health — Transport — Food — Low-technology innovation — Communication and computing — Prehistoric innovation — Innovation's essentials — The economics of innovation — Fakes, frauds, fads and failures — Resistance to innovation — An innovation famine.
520			_aBuilding on his national bestseller The Rational Optimist, Innovation is the main event of the modern age, the reason we experience both dramatic improvements in our living standards and unsettling changes in our society. Forget short-term symptoms like Donald Trump and Brexit, it is innovation that will shape the twenty-first century. Yet innovation remains a mysterious process, poorly understood by policy makers and businessmen alike. Matt Ridley argues that we need to see innovation as an incremental, bottom-up, fortuitous process that happens as a direct result of the human habit of exchange, rather than an orderly, top-down process developing according to a plan. Innovation is crucially different from invention, because it is the turning of inventions into things of practical and affordable use to people. It speeds up in some sectors and slows down in others. It is always a collective, collaborative phenomenon, involving trial and error, not a matter of lonely genius. It happens mainly in just a few parts of the world at any one time. It still cannot be modeled properly by economists, but it can easily be discouraged by politicians. Far from there being too much innovation, we may be on the brink of an innovation famine. Ridley derives these and other lessons from the lively stories of scores of innovations, how they started and why they succeeded or failed. Some of the innovation stories he tells are about steam engines, jet engines, search engines, airships, coffee, potatoes, vaping, vaccines, cuisine, antibiotics, mosquito nets, turbines, propellers, fertilizer, zero, computers, dogs, farming, fire, genetic engineering, gene editing, container shipping, railways, cars, safety rules, wheeled suitcases, mobile phones, corrugated iron, powered flight, chlorinated water, toilets, vacuum cleaners, shale gas, the telegraph, radio, social media, block chain, the sharing economy, artificial intelligence, fake bomb detectors, phantom games consoles, fraudulent blood tests, hyperloop tubes, herbicides, copyright, and even life itself.
650		0	_aDiffusion of innovations _xHistory.
650		0	_aTechnological innovations _xSocial aspects.
650		6	_aInnovations _xDiffusion _xHistoire.
650		6	_aInnovations _xAspect social.
650		7	_aBUSINESS & ECONOMICS _xEntrepreneurship. _2bisacsh
650		7	_aDiffusion of innovations. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst00893549
650		7	_aTechnological innovations _xSocial aspects. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst01145049
655		7	_aHistory. _2fast _0(OCoLC)fst01411628
942			_2lcc
999			_c3401 _d3401
041			_aEnglish